Federal law prohibits a nursing home from requiring that past-due expenses be paid as a condition for a resident to be admitted to or continue to stay at a facility. But what if someone volunteers such payment?

This issue was recently litigated in the Commonwealth of Kentucky Court of Appeals. In this case, Erma was in a nursing home and filed for Medicaid benefits about 6 months after her arrival. Erma’s application was approved and Medicaid paid 3-months retroactive benefits to the nursing home. During her private-pay tenure, Erma had accrued a balance of about $35,000.

I do, or I don’t – can a Settlor dictate how a beneficiary’s share is distributed based on the beneficiary’s marital status? Or, is such a trust provision void as a matter of public policy as an unlawful constraint on marriage? In a new case, the Indiana Supreme Court ruled that the Settlor can make such a trust provision and it will be upheld.

In many states, executing a promissory note is a viable and attractive strategy when engaging in Medicaid-eligibility planning. This strategy is usually used in a crisis planning case, where the applicant needs to qualify for long-term Medicaid benefits soon.

This is how it works: A promissory note is executed between the Medicaid applicant and another party, usually a friend or family member of the applicant. There is also a gift and this transfer creates a penalty period, whereas the applicant will not be eligible for benefits for a certain amount of time. The income from the promissory note helps to pay the cost of care during the penalty period. The gifted portion of the transferred funds is protected and does not have to be paid towards the applicant’s cost of care. But can the promissory note be construed as a trust-like device under applicable rules? And what makes such transaction bona fide? These issues were recently litigated in the United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit.